diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.service.ts b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.service.ts
index 5203c3a14..a1029a836 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.service.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.service.ts
@@ -3131,6 +3131,14 @@ export class BookingBatchService implements OnModuleInit {
   async intercityCapacity(scheduleId: string): Promise<{
     budget: CorridorBudget;
     needFor: (booking: Booking) => Capacity;
+    /**
+     * Per-wagon-type split of `needFor(booking).wagons`, against THIS
+     * schedule's own wagon stock — so the same booking reads differently on a
+     * different train. Empty when the stock can't be resolved.
+     */
+    breakdownFor: (
+      booking: Booking,
+    ) => Array<{ wagonTypeId: string; code: string; wagons: number }>;
   } | null> {
     const schedule =
       await this.trainSchedulesRepository.findByIdWithFullGraph(scheduleId);
@@ -3145,7 +3153,24 @@ export class BookingBatchService implements OnModuleInit {
     // still accepts ride-alongs on its empty legs — that is the whole point
     // of the ride-along flow.
     const budget = await this.remainingBudget(schedule, limits, wagonDims);
-    return { budget, needFor: (booking) => this.needFor(booking, wagonDims) };
+    // Physical stock of THIS schedule's train (built consist, or the yard fleet
+    // it will draw from) — what makes the breakdown train-specific.
+    const stock = await this.trainSchedulingService.wagonStockForSchedule(
+      schedule.id,
+      schedule.originStationId,
+      budget.stops,
+    );
+    return {
+      budget,
+      needFor: (booking) => this.needFor(booking, wagonDims),
+      breakdownFor: (booking) =>
+        this.wagonBreakdownFor(
+          booking,
+          wagonDims,
+          stock.remainingByTypeId,
+          stock.codesByTypeId,
+        ),
+    };
   }
 
   /**
@@ -4094,6 +4119,78 @@ export class BookingBatchService implements OnModuleInit {
     };
   }
 
+  /**
+   * The wagon count of {@link wagonsFor}, split across the wagon TYPES this
+   * particular train stocks — "3 × N35 + 1 × PW2" rather than a bare 4.
+   *
+   * `wagonsFor` sizes the booking on ONE representative type (the first the
+   * cargo type allows), which is all the abstract budget needs. Staff placing a
+   * ride-along need the physical picture: how many of each type this schedule
+   * must actually give up. So each allowed type is sized on its OWN capacity and
+   * items-fit, then filled greedily from the type with the largest per-wagon
+   * take, bounded by what the schedule has left of it.
+   *
+   * Because the stock is per-schedule, the same booking breaks down differently
+   * on a train stocking 60T N35s than on one stocking 40T PW2s. Returns [] when
+   * the booking's types are unconfigured or the train stocks none of them — the
+   * caller then shows the plain total.
+   */
+  private wagonBreakdownFor(
+    booking: Booking,
+    wagonDims: WagonDims,
+    stockByTypeId: Map<string, number>,
+    codesByTypeId: Map<string, string>,
+  ): Array<{ wagonTypeId: string; code: string; wagons: number }> {
+    const total = this.wagonsFor(booking, wagonDims);
+    if (total <= 0) return [];
+
+    // Per-wagon take of each allowed type ON THIS TRAIN, largest first: a type
+    // that swallows more of the booking per wagon needs fewer wagons.
+    const options = this.allowedDimsWithTypes(booking, wagonDims)
+      .filter((o) => o.wagonTypeId && (stockByTypeId.get(o.wagonTypeId) ?? 0) > 0)
+      .map((o) => {
+        const wagonTypeId = o.wagonTypeId as string;
+        const wagonsIfAlone = Math.max(
+          1,
+          bulkItemWagonsRequired(
+            booking,
+            o.dims.capacityTons,
+            bulkItemsFitFor(booking.cargoType, wagonTypeId),
+          ) ||
+            (o.dims.capacityTons > 0
+              ? Math.ceil(bookingCargoTons(booking) / o.dims.capacityTons)
+              : total),
+        );
+        return {
+          wagonTypeId,
+          code: codesByTypeId.get(wagonTypeId) ?? '—',
+          available: stockByTypeId.get(wagonTypeId) ?? 0,
+          // Share of the whole booking one wagon of this type carries.
+          takePerWagon: 1 / wagonsIfAlone,
+        };
+      })
+      .sort((a, b) => b.takePerWagon - a.takePerWagon);
+    if (!options.length) return [];
+
+    // Fill greedily by take, capped by stock; `remaining` is the fraction of the
+    // booking still unplaced, so a wagon of any type covers `takePerWagon` of it.
+    const out: Array<{ wagonTypeId: string; code: string; wagons: number }> = [];
+    let remaining = 1;
+    for (const option of options) {
+      if (remaining <= 1e-9) break;
+      const wagons = Math.min(
+        option.available,
+        Math.ceil(remaining / option.takePerWagon),
+      );
+      if (wagons <= 0) continue;
+      out.push({ wagonTypeId: option.wagonTypeId, code: option.code, wagons });
+      remaining -= wagons * option.takePerWagon;
+    }
+    // The train cannot hold the whole booking in the types it stocks — the
+    // `fits` check already fails it; report only what it CAN take.
+    return out;
+  }
+
   private fits(need: Capacity, budget: Capacity): boolean {
     return (
       need.wagons <= budget.wagons &&
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.wagon-breakdown.spec.ts b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.wagon-breakdown.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c1ea5b8a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/booking-batch.wagon-breakdown.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import { BookingBatchService } from './booking-batch.service';
+import { Booking } from '../bookings/entities/booking.entity';
+
+/**
+ * The intercity ride-along board shows WHICH wagon types a booking takes from
+ * the train it is being placed on ("3 × N35 + 1 × PW2"), not just how many
+ * wagons. Because the split is drawn against that schedule's own stock, the
+ * same booking must read differently on a different train.
+ */
+describe('BookingBatchService — intercity wagon breakdown', () => {
+  const N35 = 'wagon-type-n35';
+  const PW2 = 'wagon-type-pw2';
+
+  const dims = (capacityTons: number) => ({
+    capacityTons,
+    lengthMeters: 14,
+    tareWeightTons: 20,
+  });
+
+  const wagonDims = {
+    bulk: dims(60),
+    container: dims(60),
+    byWagonTypeId: new Map([
+      [N35, dims(60)],
+      [PW2, dims(20)],
+    ]),
+  };
+
+  const codes = new Map([
+    [N35, 'N35'],
+    [PW2, 'PW2'],
+  ]);
+
+  /**
+   * 400 break-bulk items weighing 800t — 2t per item. On a 60t N35 that is 30
+   * items per wagon (14 wagons); on a 20t PW2, 10 items (40 wagons).
+   */
+  const perItemBooking = {
+    id: 'booking-1',
+    freightType: 'BULK',
+    cargoTotalWeightVgm: 400,
+    bulkTotalWeightTons: 800,
+    bookingContainers: [],
+    cargoType: {
+      wagonTypes: [{ id: N35 }, { id: PW2 }],
+      itemsPerWagonMap: {},
+    },
+  } as unknown as Booking;
+
+  const service = Object.create(
+    BookingBatchService.prototype,
+  ) as BookingBatchService;
+
+  const breakdown = (
+    booking: Booking,
+    stock: Map<string, number>,
+  ): Array<{ code: string; wagons: number }> =>
+    (
+      service as unknown as {
+        wagonBreakdownFor: (
+          b: Booking,
+          d: typeof wagonDims,
+          s: Map<string, number>,
+          c: Map<string, string>,
+        ) => Array<{ code: string; wagons: number }>;
+      }
+    )
+      .wagonBreakdownFor(booking, wagonDims, stock, codes)
+      .map(({ code, wagons }) => ({ code, wagons }));
+
+  it('takes the highest-capacity type first when the train stocks plenty', () => {
+    const rows = breakdown(perItemBooking, new Map([[N35, 50], [PW2, 50]]));
+    expect(rows).toEqual([{ code: 'N35', wagons: 14 }]);
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to the smaller type for the remainder when the big one runs short', () => {
+    // Only 10 of the 14 N35s the booking wants — the rest rides PW2s. Ten N35s
+    // carry 10/14 of the booking, leaving 4/14, which needs ceil(40 × 4/14) PW2s.
+    const rows = breakdown(perItemBooking, new Map([[N35, 10], [PW2, 50]]));
+    expect(rows[0]).toEqual({ code: 'N35', wagons: 10 });
+    expect(rows[1].code).toBe('PW2');
+    expect(rows[1].wagons).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  });
+
+  it('reads differently on a train that stocks only the small type', () => {
+    const rows = breakdown(perItemBooking, new Map([[PW2, 60]]));
+    expect(rows).toEqual([{ code: 'PW2', wagons: 40 }]);
+  });
+
+  it('honours the configured items-per-wagon fit over raw tonnage', () => {
+    // Floor space binds before weight: an N35 physically holds 20 of these
+    // items even though 30 would fit by weight → 20 wagons, not 14.
+    const floorBound = {
+      ...perItemBooking,
+      cargoType: {
+        wagonTypes: [{ id: N35 }],
+        itemsPerWagonMap: { [N35]: 20 },
+      },
+    } as unknown as Booking;
+    expect(breakdown(floorBound, new Map([[N35, 50]]))).toEqual([
+      { code: 'N35', wagons: 20 },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('returns nothing when the train stocks none of the allowed types', () => {
+    expect(breakdown(perItemBooking, new Map([['other-type', 30]]))).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/intercity.service.ts b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/intercity.service.ts
index 5775148d7..4e2724f49 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/intercity.service.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/intercity.service.ts
@@ -155,12 +155,17 @@ export class IntercityService {
         return {
           ...this.mapBooking(booking, need),
           need,
+          wagonBreakdown: capacity?.breakdownFor(booking) ?? [],
           fits: Boolean(need && capacity && leg && capacity.budget.fits(need, leg)),
         };
       }),
       accepted: accepted.map((booking) => {
         const need = capacity?.needFor(booking) ?? null;
-        return { ...this.mapBooking(booking, need), need };
+        return {
+          ...this.mapBooking(booking, need),
+          need,
+          wagonBreakdown: capacity?.breakdownFor(booking) ?? [],
+        };
       }),
     };
   }
@@ -200,7 +205,9 @@ export class IntercityService {
           where: { id: bookingId },
           relations: {
             bookingContainers: { containerType: true },
-            cargoType: true,
+            // wagonTypes drives the break-bulk items-per-wagon fit — the accept
+            // check must size the booking exactly as the candidate list did.
+            cargoType: { wagonTypes: true },
           },
         });
       if (!booking) {
@@ -326,6 +333,10 @@ export class IntercityService {
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.bookingContainers', 'bookingContainer')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('bookingContainer.containerType', 'containerType')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.cargoType', 'cargoType')
+      // The allowed wagon-type list is what sizes a break-bulk (PER_ITEM)
+      // booking: without it `bulkItemsFitFor` reads no items-per-wagon fit and
+      // the wagon count silently degrades to tonnage-only.
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('cargoType.wagonTypes', 'cargoWagonType')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.originYard', 'originYard')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.destinationYard', 'destinationYard')
       .where(`booking.trade_direction = 'DOMESTIC'`)
@@ -355,6 +366,10 @@ export class IntercityService {
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.bookingContainers', 'bookingContainer')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('bookingContainer.containerType', 'containerType')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.cargoType', 'cargoType')
+      // The allowed wagon-type list is what sizes a break-bulk (PER_ITEM)
+      // booking: without it `bulkItemsFitFor` reads no items-per-wagon fit and
+      // the wagon count silently degrades to tonnage-only.
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('cargoType.wagonTypes', 'cargoWagonType')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.originYard', 'originYard')
       .leftJoinAndSelect('booking.destinationYard', 'destinationYard')
       .where(`booking.trade_direction = 'DOMESTIC'`)
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.spec.ts b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.spec.ts
index 80030c6c3..406f51988 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.spec.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.spec.ts
@@ -1435,4 +1435,44 @@ describe('TrainSchedulingService', () => {
       ).rejects.toThrow(/free only 5/);
     });
   });
+
+  describe('effectiveWagonsRequired', () => {
+    const effective = (booking: unknown): number =>
+      (service as never as { effectiveWagonsRequired(b: unknown): number })
+        .effectiveWagonsRequired(booking);
+
+    // 20-item / 100T break-bulk on 70T wagons with a 4-items-per-wagon fit:
+    // ceil(20/4) = 5 wagons.
+    const perItemBooking = (wagonsRequired: number | null) => ({
+      freightType: 'BULK',
+      cargoTotalWeightVgm: 20,
+      bulkTotalWeightTons: 100,
+      wagonsRequired,
+      cargoType: {
+        wagonTypes: [{ id: 'wt-nw5', capacityTons: 70 }],
+        itemsPerWagonMap: { 'wt-nw5': 4 },
+      },
+    });
+
+    it('overrides a stale too-small stamp with the item-aware recompute', () => {
+      // Stamped 1 by old code that read the PER_ITEM count (20) as tons.
+      expect(effective(perItemBooking(1))).toBe(5);
+    });
+
+    it('keeps a stored stamp that is at least the recompute', () => {
+      expect(effective(perItemBooking(7))).toBe(7);
+    });
+
+    it('trusts the stamp when BULK cargo relations are not loaded', () => {
+      expect(
+        effective({
+          freightType: 'BULK',
+          cargoTotalWeightVgm: 20,
+          bulkTotalWeightTons: 100,
+          wagonsRequired: 5,
+          cargoType: null,
+        }),
+      ).toBe(5);
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.ts b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.ts
index a23e763f2..0677907f3 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-api/src/modules/train-scheduling/train-scheduling.service.ts
@@ -7819,7 +7819,7 @@ export class TrainSchedulingService {
    */
   private effectiveWagonsRequired(booking: Booking): number {
     const stored = Number(booking.wagonsRequired);
-    if (stored > 0) return Math.ceil(stored);
+    const storedCeil = stored > 0 ? Math.ceil(stored) : 0;
     const bulkCapacities = (booking.cargoType?.wagonTypes ?? [])
       .map((wt) => Number(wt.capacityTons))
       .filter((c) => c > 0);
@@ -7827,7 +7827,15 @@ export class TrainSchedulingService {
       booking.freightType === 'BULK' && bulkCapacities.length
         ? Math.max(...bulkCapacities)
         : undefined;
-    return wagonsRequiredForBooking(booking, bulkCapacity);
+    // BULK with no cargo relations loaded: recomputing would size against a
+    // 1T capacity and read a PER_ITEM item count as tons — trust the stamp.
+    if (booking.freightType === 'BULK' && bulkCapacity === undefined && storedCeil > 0) {
+      return storedCeil;
+    }
+    // Stored is a candidate, never an early return (batch parity): rows
+    // stamped while BULK sizing read the PER_ITEM item count as tons carry a
+    // too-small footprint — a 20-item/100T booking was stamped 1 wagon.
+    return Math.max(storedCeil, wagonsRequiredForBooking(booking, bulkCapacity));
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingCargoCard.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingCargoCard.tsx
index b0a01f625..ecd903128 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingCargoCard.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingCargoCard.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Package } from "lucide-react";
 import { SimpleGrid, Divider, Box, Table, Text } from "@mantine/core";
 
 import type { BookingDetail } from "@/types/booking";
+import { cargoTonsAndItems } from "@/utils/cargoWeight";
 
 import { SectionCard } from "./SectionCard";
 import { MetricTile } from "./MetricTile";
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ export interface BookingCargoCardProps {
 /** Cargo specs + container manifest table. */
 export function BookingCargoCard({ booking }: BookingCargoCardProps) {
   const containers = booking.bookingContainers ?? [];
+  const { tons, items } = cargoTonsAndItems(booking);
 
   return (
     <SectionCard icon={Package} title="Cargo specifications" accent="orange">
@@ -21,7 +23,8 @@ export function BookingCargoCard({ booking }: BookingCargoCardProps) {
           label="Cargo type"
           value={booking.cargoType?.label ?? booking.freightType}
         />
-        <MetricTile label="Total VGM" value={`${booking.cargoTotalWeightVgm} tons`} />
+        <MetricTile label="Total VGM" value={`${tons} tons`} />
+        {items != null && <MetricTile label="Items" value={`${items}`} />}
         <MetricTile
           label="Hazardous"
           value={booking.isHazardous ? "Yes" : "No"}
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingFactsCard.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingFactsCard.tsx
index 8d82f51e2..15e81bd42 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingFactsCard.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingFactsCard.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import type { ReactNode } from "react";
 import { Hash, Package, Ship, Weight, Clock } from "lucide-react";
 import { Group, Stack, Text, Divider } from "@mantine/core";
 
+import { cargoTonsAndItems } from "@/utils/cargoWeight";
+
 import { SectionCard } from "./SectionCard";
 import { formatDate, type BookingDetailView } from "./booking-detail.styles";
 
@@ -38,7 +40,14 @@ export function BookingFactsCard({ booking }: BookingFactsCardProps) {
     { icon: Hash, label: "PNR Code", value: booking.pnrCode || "—" },
     { icon: Package, label: "Cargo Type", value: booking.cargoType?.label ?? "—" },
     { icon: Ship, label: "Shipping Line", value: booking.shippingLine?.label ?? "—" },
-    { icon: Weight, label: "VGM Weight", value: `${booking.cargoTotalWeightVgm} tons` },
+    {
+      icon: Weight,
+      label: "VGM Weight",
+      value: (() => {
+        const { tons, items } = cargoTonsAndItems(booking);
+        return items != null ? `${tons} tons (${items} items)` : `${tons} tons`;
+      })(),
+    },
     { icon: Clock, label: "Last Updated", value: formatDate(booking.updatedAt) },
   ];
 
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingRequestHero.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingRequestHero.tsx
index 3ee5d72a0..ed9802150 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingRequestHero.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/bookings/detail/BookingRequestHero.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
 import type { LucideIcon } from "lucide-react";
 
 import type { BookingDetail } from "@/types/booking";
+import { cargoTonsAndItems } from "@/utils/cargoWeight";
 import { BookingStatusBadge } from "@/components/bookings/BookingStatusBadge";
 import { BookingPriorityBadge } from "@/components/bookings/BookingPriorityBadge";
 import { ContractReferenceLink } from "@/components/bookings/ContractReferenceLink";
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ export function BookingRequestHero({
     (sum, c) => sum + Number(c.quantity ?? 0),
     0,
   );
-  const weight = Number(booking.cargoTotalWeightVgm ?? 0);
+  const { tons: weight, items: itemCount } = cargoTonsAndItems(booking);
 
   return (
     <Paper
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ export function BookingRequestHero({
             icon={Weight}
             label="Cargo weight"
             value={`${weight} T`}
-            hint="VGM total"
+            hint={itemCount != null ? `${itemCount} items` : "VGM total"}
             accent="blue"
           />
           <HeroTile
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx
index ca895b70b..ca9effd27 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export function MySignatureCard() {
       <CardHeader>
         <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
           <FileSignature className="size-4" />
-          My signature
+          Signature &amp; Stamp
         </CardTitle>
         <CardDescription>
           This signature can be reused to sign booking contracts.
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/AllocateBookingWizard.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/AllocateBookingWizard.tsx
index 12ef228df..69dc7f2b8 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/AllocateBookingWizard.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/AllocateBookingWizard.tsx
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import { formatRouteLabel } from "@/services/routes.service";
 import { useToast } from "@/hooks/use-toast";
 import { trainSchedulingService } from "@/services/trainScheduling.service";
 import type { BookingDetail } from "@/types/booking";
+import { cargoTonsAndItems } from "@/utils/cargoWeight";
 import type {
   ContainerPlacement,
   FreightType,
@@ -416,7 +417,7 @@ export function AllocateBookingWizard({
   const amount = Number(booking.totalAmount);
   const containers = booking.bookingContainers ?? [];
   const containerCount = containers.reduce((sum, c) => sum + Number(c.quantity ?? 0), 0);
-  const weight = Number(booking.cargoTotalWeightVgm ?? 0);
+  const { tons: weight, items: itemCount } = cargoTonsAndItems(booking);
   const holdCountdown = formatCountdown(booking.holdExpiresAt);
 
   const containerComplete =
@@ -945,7 +946,13 @@ export function AllocateBookingWizard({
                 })}`}
                 hint={booking.paymentStatus}
               />
-              <StatTile onDark icon={Weight} label="Cargo weight" value={`${weight} T`} hint="VGM total" />
+              <StatTile
+                onDark
+                icon={Weight}
+                label="Cargo weight"
+                value={`${weight} T`}
+                hint={itemCount != null ? `${itemCount} items` : "VGM total"}
+              />
               <StatTile
                 onDark
                 icon={ContainerIcon}
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/IntercityRideAlongPanel.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/IntercityRideAlongPanel.tsx
index 1f872d1bb..1636cfa6d 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/IntercityRideAlongPanel.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/components/trainScheduling/IntercityRideAlongPanel.tsx
@@ -68,11 +68,27 @@ function CapacityBadges({ capacity }: { capacity: IntercityCapacity | null }) {
   );
 }
 
-function NeedCells({ need }: { need: IntercityCapacity | null }) {
+function NeedCells({ row }: { row: IntercityBookingRow }) {
+  const { need, wagonBreakdown } = row;
   if (!need) return <Table.Td colSpan={3}>—</Table.Td>;
   return (
     <>
-      <Table.Td>{fmt(need.wagons)}</Table.Td>
+      <Table.Td>
+        {wagonBreakdown?.length ? (
+          // Which wagon TYPES this train gives up, not just how many wagons —
+          // a break-bulk booking's count depends on each type's capacity and
+          // its configured items-per-wagon fit, so it differs per train.
+          <Stack gap={2}>
+            {wagonBreakdown.map((entry) => (
+              <Text key={entry.wagonTypeId} size="sm">
+                {entry.wagons} × {entry.code}
+              </Text>
+            ))}
+          </Stack>
+        ) : (
+          fmt(need.wagons)
+        )}
+      </Table.Td>
       <Table.Td>{fmt(need.weightTons)} t</Table.Td>
       <Table.Td>{fmt(need.lengthMeters)} m</Table.Td>
     </>
@@ -285,7 +301,7 @@ export function IntercityRideAlongPanel({
                       <Table.Td>
                         <CorridorCell row={row} />
                       </Table.Td>
-                      <NeedCells need={row.need} />
+                      <NeedCells row={row} />
                       <Table.Td>
                         {row.fits ? (
                           <Badge size="sm" variant="light" color="teal">
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx
index 6ea4c40e9..f176fc05d 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import toast from "react-hot-toast";
 
 import Breadcrumbs from "@/components/ui/Breadcrumbs";
 import { ContractSignaturePad } from "@/components/bookings/ContractSignaturePad";
+import { StampUpload } from "@/components/contracts/StampUpload";
 import { bookingSurface } from "@/components/bookings/booking-ui.styles";
 import { QUERY_KEYS } from "@/constants/QUERY_KEYS";
 import { invalidateBookingDetail } from "@/utils/queryInvalidation";
@@ -40,6 +41,9 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
   const [signOpen, setSignOpen] = useState(false);
   const [signerName, setSignerName] = useState("");
   const [signatureData, setSignatureData] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  // Company stamp: prefilled from the profile, or uploaded here when none is
+  // saved yet.
+  const [stampData, setStampData] = useState<string | null>(null);
   // When the user has a saved signature we offer it for approval first; they
   // can switch to drawing a fresh one.
   const [drawNew, setDrawNew] = useState(false);
@@ -55,6 +59,7 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
 
   const savedSignature = data?.savedSignature ?? null;
   const savedSignatureImage = savedSignature?.signatureImageUrl ?? null;
+  const savedStampImage = savedSignature?.stampImageUrl ?? null;
   // Show the approval view only while a saved signature exists and the user
   // hasn't opted to draw a new one.
   const usingSaved = Boolean(savedSignatureImage) && !drawNew;
@@ -98,6 +103,8 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
     // approve it; otherwise start with an empty pad.
     setSignerName(savedSignature?.signerDisplayName ?? "");
     setSignatureData(null);
+    // Prefill with the reusable stamp saved on the profile; still replaceable.
+    setStampData(savedStampImage);
     setDrawNew(false);
     setSignOpen(true);
   };
@@ -106,10 +113,12 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
     if (!canSign || !signerName.trim()) return;
     // Approve the saved signature, or submit the freshly drawn one.
     const image = usingSaved ? savedSignatureImage : signatureData;
-    if (!image) return;
+    // The API rejects a STAFF signature without a stamp.
+    if (!image || !stampData) return;
     signMutation.mutate({
       role: "STAFF",
       signatureImageBase64: image,
+      stampImageBase64: stampData,
       signerDisplayName: signerName.trim(),
       consentText: "I agree to the terms of this contract.",
     });
@@ -234,6 +243,15 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
               ) : (
                 <ContractSignaturePad onChange={setSignatureData} />
               )}
+              <StampUpload
+                value={stampData}
+                onChange={setStampData}
+                description={
+                  savedStampImage
+                    ? "Your saved company stamp — replace it for this contract if needed."
+                    : "Required. Attach your official company stamp or seal."
+                }
+              />
             </div>
             <DialogFooter>
               <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setSignOpen(false)}>
@@ -243,6 +261,7 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
                 disabled={
                   signMutation.isPending ||
                   (!usingSaved && !signatureData) ||
+                  !stampData ||
                   !signerName.trim()
                 }
                 onClick={confirmSign}
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/services/bookings.service.ts b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/services/bookings.service.ts
index 4034bc939..946a921b7 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/services/bookings.service.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/services/bookings.service.ts
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ export interface ContractView {
   savedSignature?: {
     signerDisplayName: string;
     signatureImageUrl?: string | null;
+    stampImageUrl?: string | null;
   } | null;
 }
 
@@ -113,6 +114,8 @@ export interface ConsolidationDetails {
 export interface SignContractPayload {
   role: "CUSTOMER" | "STAFF";
   signatureImageBase64: string;
+  /** Company stamp/seal image; the API requires one for CUSTOMER and STAFF. */
+  stampImageBase64?: string;
   signerDisplayName: string;
   consentText?: string;
 }
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/booking.ts b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/booking.ts
index 8a6edbdee..cf18abb27 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/booking.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/booking.ts
@@ -171,6 +171,8 @@ export interface BookingDetail {
   /** What the containers carry / bulk commodity label — entered at booking time. */
   cargoFreeText?: string | null;
   cargoTotalWeightVgm: number;
+  /** Break-bulk (PER_ITEM) only: real total tons — cargoTotalWeightVgm then holds the item count. */
+  bulkTotalWeightTons?: number | null;
   isHazardous: boolean;
   consolidationPartnerId?: string | null;
   consolidationPartner?: BookingNamedRef & { reference?: string } | null;
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/trainScheduling.ts b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/trainScheduling.ts
index 0ff8d1db6..36fc4a112 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/trainScheduling.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/types/trainScheduling.ts
@@ -959,6 +959,14 @@ export interface IntercityCapacity {
   lengthMeters: number | null;
 }
 
+/** One wagon type this train must give up, and how many of it. */
+export interface IntercityWagonBreakdownEntry {
+  wagonTypeId: string;
+  /** Wagon-type code as marshalled, e.g. "N35" / "PW2". */
+  code: string;
+  wagons: number;
+}
+
 export interface IntercityBookingRow {
   id: string;
   reference: string | null;
@@ -973,6 +981,12 @@ export interface IntercityBookingRow {
   weightTons: number;
   paymentDeadline: string | null;
   need: IntercityCapacity | null;
+  /**
+   * `need.wagons` split across the wagon types THIS schedule stocks — the same
+   * booking reads differently on a train of 60T wagons than on one of 40T.
+   * Empty when the stock or the cargo type's wagon list is unresolved.
+   */
+  wagonBreakdown?: IntercityWagonBreakdownEntry[];
 }
 
 export interface IntercityCandidateRow extends IntercityBookingRow {
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/utils/cargoWeight.ts b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/utils/cargoWeight.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7e90313dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/backoffice/src/utils/cargoWeight.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/**
+ * Break-bulk (PER_ITEM) bulk bookings overload `cargoTotalWeightVgm` with the
+ * ITEM COUNT; their real tonnage lives in `bulkTotalWeightTons`. Every other
+ * booking stores tons in `cargoTotalWeightVgm` directly. Rendering the raw
+ * VGM column showed a 20-item / 100T booking as "20 tons".
+ */
+export function cargoTonsAndItems(booking: {
+  freightType?: string | null;
+  cargoTotalWeightVgm?: number | string | null;
+  bulkTotalWeightTons?: number | string | null;
+}): { tons: number; items: number | null } {
+  const bulkTons = Number(booking.bulkTotalWeightTons ?? 0);
+  const vgm = Number(booking.cargoTotalWeightVgm ?? 0);
+  if (booking.freightType === "BULK" && bulkTons > 0) {
+    return { tons: bulkTons, items: vgm > 0 ? vgm : null };
+  }
+  return { tons: vgm, items: null };
+}
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx
index edb72b91f..678829cb3 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/components/profile/MySignatureCard.tsx
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export function MySignatureCard() {
       <CardHeader>
         <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
           <FileSignature className="size-5 text-primary" />
-          My signature
+          Signature &amp; Stamp
         </CardTitle>
         <CardDescription>
           Reused to approve and sign booking contracts.
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/MySignaturePage.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/MySignaturePage.tsx
index 4c30c878a..3bdad19f1 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/MySignaturePage.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/MySignaturePage.tsx
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ export default function MySignaturePage() {
       <div className="mx-auto flex max-w-md flex-col gap-6">
         <div>
           <h1 className="text-2xl font-black tracking-tight text-foreground">
-            My signature
+            Signature &amp; Stamp
           </h1>
           <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
             Saved and reused to approve and sign booking contracts.
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx
index 062a8a766..8c5abf707 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingContractPage.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 import toast from "react-hot-toast";
 
 import { ContractSignaturePad } from "@/components/bookings/ContractSignaturePad";
+import { StampUpload } from "@/components/contracts/StampUpload";
 import {
   bookingsService,
   type SignContractPayload,
@@ -25,6 +26,9 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
   const [signOpen, setSignOpen] = useState(false);
   const [signerName, setSignerName] = useState("");
   const [signatureData, setSignatureData] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  // Company stamp: prefilled from the profile, or uploaded here when the
+  // customer has never saved one.
+  const [stampData, setStampData] = useState<string | null>(null);
   // When a saved signature exists we offer it for approval first; the customer
   // can switch to drawing a fresh one.
   const [drawNew, setDrawNew] = useState(false);
@@ -37,12 +41,14 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
 
   const savedSignature = data?.savedSignature ?? null;
   const savedSignatureImage = savedSignature?.signatureImageUrl ?? null;
+  const savedStampImage = savedSignature?.stampImageUrl ?? null;
   const usingSaved = Boolean(savedSignatureImage) && !drawNew;
 
   const openSign = () => {
     // Prefill from the saved signature so the customer only has to approve it.
     setSignerName(savedSignature?.signerDisplayName ?? "");
     setSignatureData(null);
+    setStampData(savedStampImage);
     setDrawNew(false);
     setSignOpen(true);
   };
@@ -51,10 +57,12 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
     if (!signerName.trim()) return;
     // Approve the saved signature, or submit the freshly drawn one.
     const image = usingSaved ? savedSignatureImage : signatureData;
-    if (!image) return;
+    // The API rejects a CUSTOMER signature without a stamp.
+    if (!image || !stampData) return;
     signMutation.mutate({
       role: "CUSTOMER",
       signatureImageBase64: image,
+      stampImageBase64: stampData,
       signerDisplayName: signerName.trim(),
       consentText: "I agree to the terms of this contract.",
     });
@@ -191,6 +199,15 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
               ) : (
                 <ContractSignaturePad onChange={setSignatureData} />
               )}
+              <StampUpload
+                value={stampData}
+                onChange={setStampData}
+                description={
+                  savedStampImage
+                    ? "Your saved company stamp — replace it for this contract if needed."
+                    : "Required. Attach your official company stamp or seal."
+                }
+              />
             </div>
             <div className="mt-6 flex justify-end gap-2">
               <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setSignOpen(false)}>
@@ -200,6 +217,7 @@ export default function BookingContractPage() {
                 disabled={
                   signMutation.isPending ||
                   (!usingSaved && !signatureData) ||
+                  !stampData ||
                   !signerName.trim()
                 }
                 onClick={confirmSign}
diff --git a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingDetailPage/utils.ts b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingDetailPage/utils.ts
index 924ee16a4..22b347e85 100644
--- a/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingDetailPage/utils.ts
+++ b/apps/edr-freight-web/portal/src/pages/bookings/BookingDetailPage/utils.ts
@@ -83,6 +83,10 @@ export function totalVgmTons(b: BookingDetail): number {
     );
     if (sum > 0) return sum;
   }
+  // Break-bulk (PER_ITEM): cargoTotalWeightVgm holds the ITEM COUNT — the
+  // real tonnage lives in bulkTotalWeightTons.
+  const bulkTons = Number(b.bulkTotalWeightTons || 0);
+  if (bulkTons > 0) return bulkTons;
   return Number(b.cargoTotalWeightVgm || 0);
 }
 
diff --git a/e2e/freight/BULK_SCENARIOS.md b/e2e/freight/BULK_SCENARIOS.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e8734667
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/freight/BULK_SCENARIOS.md
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Bulk scenario catalog — BS1–BS40
+
+Real-world bulk (PER_TON) and break-bulk (PER_ITEM) scenarios on the e2e
+corridor `DJIB_PORT → NAGAD → DIRE_DAWA → E2E_AWASH → MOJO → KALITY` and its
+export inverse. Companion to `SCENARIO_ENGINE_NOTES.md` (containers, S1–S40).
+
+**Fleet facts** (dev + e2e DB, verified 2026-08-01):
+
+| Wagon | Capacity | Length | Tare |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| CW4 (wheat, autos, machinery) | 70 T | 13.976 m | 24.8 T |
+| PW2 (grains) | 70 T | 17.066 m | 25.2 T |
+
+Standard bulk train: **54 CW4 wagons / 3 780 T** cargo. Per-item math
+(`train-capacity.util.ts`): items per wagon = min(floor(capacity ÷ per-item
+tons), configured floor from `cargo_types.items_per_wagon_map`); items never
+split across wagons; bulk partial offers are **whole wagons at full rated
+payload only** (`sizePartialOfferWagons fullWagonsOnly`).
+
+E2E cargo codes: `E2E_IMP_WHEAT` (PER_TON, CW4), `E2E_IMP_GRAINS` (PER_TON,
+PW2), `E2E_IMP_AUTO` (PER_ITEM, CW4, floor 4/wagon — `seed-bulk-items.sql`),
+`E2E_IMP_MACHINE` (PER_ITEM, CW4, no floor → tonnage-only).
+
+Coverage column: spec that runs it, or **doc-only** (same engine path already
+proven by the named spec — a bulk twin adds no new engine coverage), or
+**gap** (engine contradicts the expectation — ticket, not a test).
+
+⚠ `bulk_b1_*`, `bulk_b2_*`, `bulk_b3_*` are **authored but not yet run** —
+first execution may need assertion tuning.
+
+---
+
+## A. Fill · payment · waitlist (import wheat, PER_TON)
+
+| # | Scenario | Expected | Coverage |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| BS1 | Six wheat bookings (560+420+420+420+1540+420 T = 54 wagons) fill the CW4 train in the first window; mixed USD/ETB, customs/self | All selected, all pay, 54/54 allocated, window FULL, schedule finalized | `bulk_import_full_train` |
+| BS2 | Staff priority ordering: 1 960 T + 1 400 T + 700 T (58 w > 54); staff put the 700 T relief cargo first | Priority order wins: 700 T + 1 960 T reserved whole, 1 400 T gets a whole-wagon offer for the leftover 16 w | `bulk_b1_priority_expiry_refill` |
+| BS3 | Reserved giant misses the 1 h pay window | EXPIRED; its 28 wagons return; refill round promotes the offered booking WHOLE (offer superseded) | `bulk_b1_priority_expiry_refill` |
+| BS4 | Waitlisted wheat promoted on expiry | Waiting-list booking selected in the freed space, pays, rides | `bulk_import_waiting_expiry` |
+| BS5 | Partial offer accepted → split | `is_split = true`, offered wagons allocated, remainder must rebook | `bulk_import_split_promote` |
+| BS6 | Window reopens after under-fill | Second cycle opens; late bookings enter cycle 2 | `bulk_import_window_reopen` |
+| BS7 | Booking on a day with no open window | Rejected at creation ("booking window") | `bulk_critical_matrix` |
+| BS8 | Currency per booking: USD and ETB invoices on one train | Each invoice carries its booking's currency | `bulk_import_full_train` |
+
+## B. Capacity axes · wagon types · giants (PER_TON)
+
+| # | Scenario | Expected | Coverage |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| BS9 | 4 000 T giant alone on a 54-wagon train | Full-consist offer 3 780 T, gateway settle applies split, train FULL from one booking | `bulk_critical_matrix` |
+| BS10 | Giant's 220 T remainder rebooks | 100 T attempt rejected ("must take the whole"); exactly 220 T accepted | `bulk_critical_matrix` |
+| BS11 | Wheat rides CW4 only, grains ride PW2 only | `expectWagonType` CW4 for wheat / PW2 for grains on their trains | `export_ledger_day` + `bulk_b1` (CW4 assert) |
+| BS12 | PW2 length tax: 17.066 m wagons on a 760 m board | 44 slots by length vs CW4's 54 — same tonnage needs a longer consist | doc-only (`export_ledger_day` runs the 37-wagon PW2 board) |
+| BS13 | Gross weight = tare + cargo (PW2: 37 × 95.2 = 3 522 T ≈ the 3 500 T pull limit) | Weight axis binds before slots; overbooking by tare fraction impossible | unit-tested in `train-capacity.util` + `export_ledger_day` |
+| BS14 | Tolerance spent only on a whole booking, never sizing a split | Split offers budget against base caps | doc-only (`booking-batch.service.ts:4109`; container twin g2) |
+| BS15 | Two bulk bookings, one over-weight last wagon | Batch trims to whole wagons at full payload — no part-loaded squeeze into leftover pull weight | doc-only (`sizePartialOfferWagons fullWagonsOnly`) |
+| BS16 | Sub-corridor 700 T (NAGAD→MOJO) shares the through-train with a 1 400 T DJIB_PORT→KALITY booking | Both allocated to the same schedule | `bulk_critical_matrix` |
+
+## C. Break-bulk PER_ITEM (autos, machinery — NEW)
+
+| # | Scenario | Expected | Coverage |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| BS17 | 16 automobiles @ 2.5 T (40 T). Tonnage alone says 1 wagon; floor says 4/wagon | **4 wagons** allocated — physical floor binds, rated capacity rides empty | `bulk_b2_per_item_floor` |
+| BS18 | 12 machines @ 20 T (240 T), no configured floor | floor(70/20) = 3 per wagon → **4 wagons** — tonnage fallback binds | `bulk_b2_per_item_floor` |
+| BS19 | 216 automobiles (540 T) — exactly 54 wagons | Whole booking fits, no split; train FULL from one break-bulk booking | `bulk_b2_per_item_floor` |
+| BS20 | Giant: 240 automobiles (60 wagons) on a 54-wagon train | Whole-wagon offer of 216 autos; `is_split = true`; 54/54; FULL | `bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities` |
+| BS21 | Giant's remainder: 24 autos outstanding | 10-auto attempt rejected ("must take the whole"); exactly 24 accepted | `bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities` |
+| BS22 | hazardousQuantity 12 on a 10-item line | **Engine CLAMPS to 10, returns 201 — no rejection** (same gap as container S40). Spec asserts the clamp so the gap is visible | `bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities` |
+| BS23 | reeferQuantity 3 on an 8-item line | Stored on the booking (`bulk_reefer_quantity = 3`), reefer surcharge applies | `bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities` |
+| BS24 | One item heavier than a whole wagon (80 T machine on a 70 T CW4) | Engine still charges 1 wagon per item (`ponytail:` note in `bulkItemWagonsRequired`) — creation-time rejection does NOT exist | **gap** — ticket, not a test |
+
+## D. Export bulk (KALITY → DJIB_PORT)
+
+| # | Scenario | Expected | Coverage |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| BS25 | Sesame/grain export fills the PW2 board | Whole-booking placement, board FULL | `bulk_export_full_train` |
+| BS26 | Export FCFS: space taken by earlier holds | Later booking sees reduced space | `bulk_export_fcfs_space` |
+| BS27 | Export pay-or-lose: hold lapses at deadline | Space returns, next customer takes it | `bulk_export_pay_or_lose` |
+| BS28 | Export whole-or-nothing (no split) | Oversized booking 409s with a sized message | `bulk_export_matrix` |
+| BS29 | Export matrix: currencies × customs | Per-combination invoice + clearance behavior | `bulk_export_matrix` |
+| BS30 | "Export never splits" is flag-dependent | Assert `FREIGHT_EXPORT_SPLIT !== "true"` or the suite is vacuous | noted in `SCENARIO_ENGINE_NOTES.md` |
+| BS31 | Export day ledger: who booked/rode/expired/refused | Ledger report written per day | `export_ledger_day` |
+
+## E. Corridor ops · intercity · disruptions
+
+| # | Scenario | Expected | Coverage |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| BS32 | Bulk intercity ride-along (MOJO→KALITY, DOMESTIC, dateless) accepted onto the import train's free leg | Pay window opens on accept; paid + linked | `bulk_critical_matrix` |
+| BS33 | Checkpoint-by-checkpoint corridor run; bookings ARRIVED at terminal | Statuses walk IN_TRANSIT → ARRIVED; ≥54 wagon-movement ledger rows | `bulk_import_full_train` |
+| BS34 | Mid-corridor auto-unload: booking destined MOJO on a KALITY train | Checkpoint at MOJO auto-unloads it (`booking-journey.service.ts:261`) | container twin `g6_corridor` — same engine path |
+| BS35 | Schedule cancelled after bulk allocation | Frozen `wagon_allocation_snapshot`, bookings re-pool still PAID | container twin `g7_disruptions` — same engine path |
+| BS36 | Paid bulk booking, yard short of CW4 → transfer request | WAITING_FOR_WAGON → PARTIALLY_FULFILLED → FULFILLED → placed | `fleet_wagon_transfer` |
+
+## F. Customs tail · validation
+
+| # | Scenario | Expected | Coverage |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| BS37 | Customs bookings: gatepass → T1 → dispatch → T1 close → risk → second duty → release → final invoice | Full milestone tail COMPLETED in order | `bulk_import_full_train` |
+| BS38 | Self-clearance bookings arrive with NO customs tail | Zero T1_CLOSED milestones | `bulk_import_full_train` |
+| BS39 | `importReleaseGranted` not gated on second duty | Release grantable with SECOND_DUTY_PAID pending — **known gap** | `SCENARIO_ENGINE_NOTES.md` §S36 |
+| BS40 | Out-of-order checkpoint relocates rolling stock silently | No sequence guard in `recordCheckpoint` — **known bug** | `SCENARIO_ENGINE_NOTES.md` §S29 |
diff --git a/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk-items-utils.ts b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk-items-utils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8324afd06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk-items-utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/**
+ * Shared helper for the PER_ITEM break-bulk specs (bulk_b2 / bulk_b3).
+ * Cargo types come from fixtures/seed-bulk-items.sql.
+ */
+
+import { apiPost, customer, db } from "./import-utils";
+
+/** Book a PER_ITEM break-bulk line under the suffix's seeded contract. */
+export function bookBulkItems(opts: {
+  suffix: string;
+  cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO" | "E2E_IMP_MACHINE";
+  items: number;
+  tons: number;
+  scheduledDate?: string;
+  hazardousQuantity?: number;
+  reeferQuantity?: number;
+  expectFailure?: string | RegExp;
+}) {
+  db<{ id: string; cargo_type_id: string }>(
+    `SELECT ct.id,
+            (SELECT t.id FROM freight.cargo_types t WHERE t.code = $2) AS cargo_type_id
+     FROM freight.contracts ct
+     WHERE ct.reference LIKE 'CTR-IMP-%-' || $1
+     ORDER BY ct.created_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
+    [opts.suffix, opts.cargoCode],
+  ).then(({ rows }) => {
+    expect(rows, `seeded contract *-${opts.suffix}`).to.have.length(1);
+    expect(rows[0].cargo_type_id, `${opts.cargoCode} seeded`).to.be.a("string");
+    apiPost(
+      customer,
+      `/api/contracts/${rows[0].id}/bookings`,
+      {
+        ...(opts.scheduledDate ? { scheduledDate: opts.scheduledDate } : {}),
+        bulkLines: [
+          {
+            cargoTypeId: rows[0].cargo_type_id,
+            itemCount: opts.items,
+            cargoWeightTons: opts.tons,
+            ...(opts.hazardousQuantity != null
+              ? { hazardousQuantity: opts.hazardousQuantity }
+              : {}),
+            ...(opts.reeferQuantity != null ? { reeferQuantity: opts.reeferQuantity } : {}),
+          },
+        ],
+        cargoFreeText: `E2E break-bulk ${opts.cargoCode}`,
+      },
+      !opts.expectFailure,
+    ).then((res) => {
+      if (opts.expectFailure) {
+        expect(res.status, `${opts.suffix} booking rejected`).to.be.within(400, 422);
+        if (opts.expectFailure instanceof RegExp) {
+          expect(JSON.stringify(res.body)).to.match(opts.expectFailure);
+        } else {
+          expect(JSON.stringify(res.body)).to.include(opts.expectFailure);
+        }
+      } else {
+        expect(res.status, `${opts.suffix} booking created`).to.be.oneOf([200, 201]);
+      }
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b1_priority_expiry_refill.cy.ts b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b1_priority_expiry_refill.cy.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e76b1daa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b1_priority_expiry_refill.cy.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/**
+ * BULK B1 — priority ordering + expiry refill (BS2/BS3 in BULK_SCENARIOS.md).
+ *
+ * Day D+28, 54-wagon CW4 wheat train, three bookings that cannot all fit:
+ *
+ *   BP1  1 960 T = 28 wagons   (commercial giant)
+ *   BP2  1 400 T = 20 wagons   (commercial)
+ *   BP3    700 T = 10 wagons   (relief cargo — staff put it FIRST)
+ *
+ * 58 wagons chase 54. With BP3 forced to the top of the order the batch
+ * reserves BP3 + BP1 whole (38 w) and leaves BP2 a whole-wagon offer for the
+ * remaining 16. Then BP1 misses its pay window: its 28 wagons return and the
+ * refill round must promote BP2 WHOLE — the 16-wagon offer is superseded.
+ *
+ * ⚠ Authored, not yet run — see BULK_SCENARIOS.md.
+ */
+
+import {
+  acceptOperation,
+  bookBulk,
+  clearToOperationRequestPending,
+  closeBookingWindow,
+  completeDocReview,
+  createImportSchedule,
+  departureAt,
+  eatDayStr,
+  ensureCorridorRoute,
+  expectWagonType,
+  forceReservationExpiry,
+  forceWindowOpen,
+  markPaid,
+  pollAllocations,
+  pollBookingStatus,
+  pollDb,
+  resetCorridorDay,
+  seedImportContract,
+  setPriority,
+  withBooking,
+  withSchedule,
+} from "./import-utils";
+
+const DEPARTURE = departureAt(28);
+const BOOKING_DAY = eatDayStr(DEPARTURE);
+
+const stamp = String(Date.now());
+const stampedRef = (suffix: string) => `CTR-IMP-${stamp}-${suffix}`;
+
+describe("bulk b1: staff priority decides who rides; expiry refill promotes the offered booking whole", { retries: 0 }, () => {
+  before(() => {
+    cy.task("db:seedFile", "seed-import-corridor.sql");
+    (["BP1", "BP2", "BP3"] as const).forEach((suffix) =>
+      seedImportContract({ suffix, reference: stampedRef(suffix), freight: "BULK" }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("operations prepares the D+28 wheat train with an open window", () => {
+    ensureCorridorRoute();
+    resetCorridorDay(DEPARTURE);
+    createImportSchedule({
+      departure: DEPARTURE,
+      locoPair: ["LOCO-IMP-15", "LOCO-IMP-16"],
+      kind: "bulk",
+    });
+    withSchedule(DEPARTURE, (s) => forceWindowOpen(s.id, 60));
+  });
+
+  it("three wheat bookings (28+20+10 wagons) enter the window; staff rank the relief cargo first", () => {
+    bookBulk({ suffix: "BP1", tons: 1960, scheduledDate: BOOKING_DAY });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BP1", BOOKING_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BP1");
+    bookBulk({ suffix: "BP2", tons: 1400, scheduledDate: BOOKING_DAY });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BP2", BOOKING_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BP2");
+    bookBulk({ suffix: "BP3", tons: 700, scheduledDate: BOOKING_DAY });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BP3", BOOKING_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BP3");
+
+    setPriority("BP3", 1);
+    setPriority("BP1", 2);
+    setPriority("BP2", 3);
+  });
+
+  it("batch reserves BP3 + BP1 whole; BP2 gets a whole-wagon offer for the 16-wagon leftover", () => {
+    withSchedule(DEPARTURE, (s) => {
+      closeBookingWindow(s.id);
+      completeDocReview(s.id);
+    });
+    pollBookingStatus("BP3", ["SELECTED_FOR_BATCH", "AWAITING_PAYMENT"]);
+    pollBookingStatus("BP1", ["SELECTED_FOR_BATCH", "AWAITING_PAYMENT"]);
+    withBooking("BP2", (b) => {
+      pollDb<{ status: string; offered_wagons: string }>(
+        "BP2 open partial offer",
+        `SELECT status, offered_wagons FROM freight.booking_batch_offers
+         WHERE booking_id = $1 AND deleted_at IS NULL
+         ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
+        [b.id],
+        (row) => row?.status === "OFFERED" && Number(row?.offered_wagons) === 16,
+        15,
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("BP3 pays and rides CW4; BP1 misses the pay window and EXPIRES", () => {
+    markPaid("BP3");
+    pollAllocations("BP3", 10);
+    expectWagonType("BP3", "CW4", 10);
+
+    forceReservationExpiry("BP1");
+    pollBookingStatus("BP1", "EXPIRED", 20);
+  });
+
+  it("refill round promotes BP2 WHOLE into the freed 28 wagons — the 16-wagon offer is superseded", () => {
+    pollBookingStatus("BP2", ["SELECTED_FOR_BATCH", "AWAITING_PAYMENT"], 30);
+    markPaid("BP2");
+    pollAllocations("BP2", 20);
+    withBooking("BP2", (b) => {
+      expect(b.is_split, "BP2 rides whole, not split").to.not.eq(true);
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+export {};
diff --git a/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b2_per_item_floor.cy.ts b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b2_per_item_floor.cy.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7e9efa520
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b2_per_item_floor.cy.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/**
+ * BULK B2 — break-bulk PER_ITEM wagon math (BS17–BS19 in BULK_SCENARIOS.md).
+ *
+ * Cargo from seed-bulk-items.sql, riding the CW4 fleet (70 T / 24.8 T tare):
+ *
+ *   E2E_IMP_AUTO     automobiles, items_per_wagon_map floor = 4 per CW4
+ *   E2E_IMP_MACHINE  machinery, NO floor → tonnage-only fallback
+ *
+ * Three verdicts of bulkItemWagonsRequired, end to end:
+ *   BA1  16 autos @2.5 T (40 T)  → floor binds:   4 wagons (tonnage said 1)
+ *   BA2  12 machines @20 T (240 T) → tonnage binds: floor(70/20)=3/wagon → 4 wagons
+ *   BA3  216 autos (540 T)        → exactly 54 wagons — FULL from one booking
+ *
+ * ⚠ Authored, not yet run — see BULK_SCENARIOS.md.
+ */
+
+import { bookBulkItems } from "./bulk-items-utils";
+import {
+  acceptOperation,
+  clearToOperationRequestPending,
+  closeBookingWindow,
+  completeDocReview,
+  createImportSchedule,
+  departureAt,
+  eatDayStr,
+  endPaymentPhase,
+  ensureCorridorRoute,
+  expectWagonType,
+  forceWindowOpen,
+  markPaid,
+  pollAllocations,
+  pollBookingStatus,
+  pollDb,
+  resetCorridorDay,
+  seedImportContract,
+  withBooking,
+  withSchedule,
+  type ScheduleRow,
+} from "./import-utils";
+
+const DEPARTURE = departureAt(30);
+const BOOKING_DAY = eatDayStr(DEPARTURE);
+const FULL_DEPARTURE = departureAt(31);
+const FULL_DAY = eatDayStr(FULL_DEPARTURE);
+
+const stamp = String(Date.now());
+const stampedRef = (suffix: string) => `CTR-IMP-${stamp}-${suffix}`;
+
+describe("bulk b2: PER_ITEM floor vs tonnage wagon math on the CW4 fleet", { retries: 0 }, () => {
+  before(() => {
+    cy.task("db:seedFile", "seed-import-corridor.sql");
+    cy.task("db:seedFile", "seed-bulk-items.sql");
+    (["BA1", "BA2", "BA3"] as const).forEach((suffix) =>
+      seedImportContract({ suffix, reference: stampedRef(suffix), freight: "BULK" }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("operations prepares the D+30 break-bulk train with an open window", () => {
+    ensureCorridorRoute();
+    resetCorridorDay(DEPARTURE);
+    resetCorridorDay(FULL_DEPARTURE);
+    createImportSchedule({
+      departure: DEPARTURE,
+      locoPair: ["LOCO-IMP-15", "LOCO-IMP-16"],
+      kind: "bulk",
+    });
+    withSchedule(DEPARTURE, (s) => forceWindowOpen(s.id, 60));
+  });
+
+  it("BS17 — 16 autos (40 T): the 4-per-wagon floor binds → 4 wagons, not 1", () => {
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BA1",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 16,
+      tons: 40,
+      scheduledDate: BOOKING_DAY,
+    });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BA1", BOOKING_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BA1");
+  });
+
+  it("BS18 — 12 machines @20 T: no floor, tonnage fallback → 3 per wagon → 4 wagons", () => {
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BA2",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_MACHINE",
+      items: 12,
+      tons: 240,
+      scheduledDate: BOOKING_DAY,
+    });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BA2", BOOKING_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BA2");
+  });
+
+  it("batch reserves both; payment allocates exactly 4 + 4 CW4 wagons", () => {
+    withSchedule(DEPARTURE, (s) => {
+      closeBookingWindow(s.id);
+      completeDocReview(s.id);
+    });
+    (["BA1", "BA2"] as const).forEach((suffix) =>
+      pollBookingStatus(suffix, ["SELECTED_FOR_BATCH", "AWAITING_PAYMENT"]),
+    );
+    markPaid("BA1");
+    pollAllocations("BA1", 4);
+    expectWagonType("BA1", "CW4", 4);
+    markPaid("BA2");
+    pollAllocations("BA2", 4);
+    expectWagonType("BA2", "CW4", 4);
+  });
+
+  it("BS19 — 216 autos (540 T) = exactly 54 wagons: FULL from one break-bulk booking, no split", () => {
+    createImportSchedule({
+      departure: FULL_DEPARTURE,
+      locoPair: ["LOCO-IMP-25", "LOCO-IMP-26"],
+      kind: "bulk",
+    });
+    withSchedule(FULL_DEPARTURE, (s) => forceWindowOpen(s.id, 45));
+
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BA3",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 216,
+      tons: 540,
+      scheduledDate: FULL_DAY,
+    });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BA3", FULL_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BA3");
+    withSchedule(FULL_DEPARTURE, (s) => {
+      closeBookingWindow(s.id);
+      completeDocReview(s.id);
+    });
+    pollBookingStatus("BA3", ["SELECTED_FOR_BATCH", "AWAITING_PAYMENT"]);
+    markPaid("BA3");
+    pollAllocations("BA3", 54);
+    withBooking("BA3", (b) => {
+      expect(b.is_split, "BA3 whole, not split").to.not.eq(true);
+    });
+    withSchedule(FULL_DEPARTURE, (s) => {
+      endPaymentPhase(s.id);
+      pollDb<ScheduleRow>(
+        "full-day schedule FULL + DONE",
+        `SELECT window_phase, booking_window_status FROM freight.train_schedules WHERE id = $1`,
+        [s.id],
+        (row) => row?.booking_window_status === "FULL" && row?.window_phase === "DONE",
+      );
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities.cy.ts b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities.cy.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..262db02fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/freight/cypress/e2e/flows/bulk_b3_per_item_giant_quantities.cy.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/**
+ * BULK B3 — PER_ITEM giant split + line quantities (BS20–BS23 in
+ * BULK_SCENARIOS.md).
+ *
+ *   BG1  240 automobiles (600 T) on a 54-wagon CW4 train (floor 4/wagon
+ *        → needs 60 wagons). Bulk partial offers are WHOLE wagons only →
+ *        offer = 54 wagons / 216 autos. Gateway settle applies the split,
+ *        the train is FULL from one break-bulk booking, and the 24-auto
+ *        outstanding must be rebooked EXACTLY on a later train.
+ *   BQ1  hazardousQuantity 12 on a 10-item line: the engine CLAMPS to 10
+ *        and returns 201 (documented gap — same as container S40; this
+ *        spec pins the CURRENT behaviour so a future fix flips it loudly).
+ *   BQ2  reeferQuantity 3 on an 8-item line is stored on the booking.
+ *
+ * ⚠ Authored, not yet run — see BULK_SCENARIOS.md.
+ */
+
+import { bookBulkItems } from "./bulk-items-utils";
+import {
+  acceptOperation,
+  clearToOperationRequestPending,
+  closeBookingWindow,
+  completeDocReview,
+  createImportSchedule,
+  db,
+  departureAt,
+  eatDayStr,
+  endPaymentPhase,
+  ensureCorridorRoute,
+  forceWindowOpen,
+  pollAllocations,
+  pollBookingStatus,
+  pollDb,
+  resetCorridorDay,
+  seedImportContract,
+  settleViaGateway,
+  withBooking,
+  withSchedule,
+  type ScheduleRow,
+} from "./import-utils";
+
+const GIANT_DEPARTURE = departureAt(32);
+const GIANT_DAY = eatDayStr(GIANT_DEPARTURE);
+const REMAINDER_DEPARTURE = departureAt(33);
+const REMAINDER_DAY = eatDayStr(REMAINDER_DEPARTURE);
+
+const stamp = String(Date.now());
+const stampedRef = (suffix: string) => `CTR-IMP-${stamp}-${suffix}`;
+
+describe("bulk b3: per-item giant gets a whole-wagon offer; line quantities clamp/store", { retries: 0 }, () => {
+  before(() => {
+    cy.task("db:seedFile", "seed-import-corridor.sql");
+    cy.task("db:seedFile", "seed-bulk-items.sql");
+    (["BG1", "BQ1", "BQ2"] as const).forEach((suffix) =>
+      seedImportContract({ suffix, reference: stampedRef(suffix), freight: "BULK" }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("operations prepares the D+32 giant train and the D+33 remainder train", () => {
+    ensureCorridorRoute();
+    resetCorridorDay(GIANT_DEPARTURE);
+    resetCorridorDay(REMAINDER_DEPARTURE);
+    createImportSchedule({
+      departure: GIANT_DEPARTURE,
+      locoPair: ["LOCO-IMP-27", "LOCO-IMP-28"],
+      kind: "bulk",
+    });
+    withSchedule(GIANT_DEPARTURE, (s) => forceWindowOpen(s.id, 45));
+  });
+
+  it("BS20 — 240 autos need 60 wagons: whole-consist offer of 216 autos / 54 wagons, split applied", () => {
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BG1",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 240,
+      tons: 600,
+      scheduledDate: GIANT_DAY,
+    });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BG1", GIANT_DAY);
+    acceptOperation("BG1");
+    withSchedule(GIANT_DEPARTURE, (s) => {
+      closeBookingWindow(s.id);
+      completeDocReview(s.id);
+    });
+    pollBookingStatus("BG1", ["SELECTED_FOR_BATCH", "AWAITING_PAYMENT"]);
+    withBooking("BG1", (b) => {
+      pollDb<{ status: string; offered_wagons: string }>(
+        "BG1 whole-wagon partial offer",
+        `SELECT status, offered_wagons FROM freight.booking_batch_offers
+         WHERE booking_id = $1 AND deleted_at IS NULL
+         ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
+        [b.id],
+        (row) => row?.status === "OFFERED" && Number(row?.offered_wagons) === 54,
+        15,
+      );
+    });
+
+    settleViaGateway("BG1");
+    pollAllocations("BG1", 54);
+    withBooking("BG1", (b) => {
+      expect(b.is_split, "BG1 is split").to.eq(true);
+    });
+    withSchedule(GIANT_DEPARTURE, (s) => {
+      endPaymentPhase(s.id);
+      pollDb<ScheduleRow>(
+        "giant train FULL from one break-bulk booking",
+        `SELECT window_phase, booking_window_status FROM freight.train_schedules WHERE id = $1`,
+        [s.id],
+        (row) => row?.booking_window_status === "FULL" && row?.window_phase === "DONE",
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("BS21 — the 24-auto outstanding must be rebooked EXACTLY on the later train", () => {
+    createImportSchedule({
+      departure: REMAINDER_DEPARTURE,
+      locoPair: ["LOCO-IMP-13", "LOCO-IMP-14"],
+      kind: "bulk",
+    });
+    withSchedule(REMAINDER_DEPARTURE, (s) => forceWindowOpen(s.id, 45));
+
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BG1",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 10,
+      tons: 25,
+      scheduledDate: REMAINDER_DAY,
+      expectFailure: "must take the whole",
+    });
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BG1",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 24,
+      tons: 60,
+      scheduledDate: REMAINDER_DAY,
+    });
+    clearToOperationRequestPending("BG1", REMAINDER_DAY);
+  });
+
+  it("BS22 — hazardousQuantity 12 on a 10-item line is CLAMPED to 10, not rejected (pins the gap)", () => {
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BQ1",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 10,
+      tons: 25,
+      scheduledDate: REMAINDER_DAY,
+      hazardousQuantity: 12,
+    });
+    withBooking("BQ1", (b) => {
+      db<{ bulk_hazardous_quantity: string }>(
+        `SELECT bulk_hazardous_quantity FROM freight.bookings WHERE id = $1`,
+        [b.id],
+      ).then(({ rows }) => {
+        // Engine clamps to 0..quantity (bookings.repository.ts) — a future
+        // fix that rejects instead will fail HERE first. See BS22.
+        expect(Number(rows[0].bulk_hazardous_quantity), "clamped hazmat").to.eq(10);
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("BS23 — reeferQuantity 3 on an 8-item line is stored on the booking", () => {
+    bookBulkItems({
+      suffix: "BQ2",
+      cargoCode: "E2E_IMP_AUTO",
+      items: 8,
+      tons: 20,
+      scheduledDate: REMAINDER_DAY,
+      reeferQuantity: 3,
+    });
+    withBooking("BQ2", (b) => {
+      db<{ bulk_reefer_quantity: string }>(
+        `SELECT bulk_reefer_quantity FROM freight.bookings WHERE id = $1`,
+        [b.id],
+      ).then(({ rows }) => {
+        expect(Number(rows[0].bulk_reefer_quantity), "reefer stored").to.eq(3);
+      });
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+export {};
diff --git a/e2e/freight/cypress/fixtures/seed-bulk-items.sql b/e2e/freight/cypress/fixtures/seed-bulk-items.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c3c8dcb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/freight/cypress/fixtures/seed-bulk-items.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+-- PER_ITEM break-bulk cargo types for the bulk_b2/bulk_b3 specs.
+-- Run AFTER seed-import-corridor.sql (needs E2E_IMP_GRAINS + the CW4 fleet).
+-- Idempotent — safe on re-runs and cross-origin before() replays.
+
+-- Automobiles: PER_ITEM with a configured physical floor (4 cars per CW4).
+INSERT INTO freight.cargo_types (id, code, cargo_type_name, parent_group_id, unit_of_measure, is_active)
+SELECT gen_random_uuid(), 'E2E_IMP_AUTO', 'E2E Import Automobiles', g.id, 'PER_ITEM', true
+FROM freight.cargo_types g
+WHERE g.code = 'E2E_IMP_GRAINS'
+  AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM freight.cargo_types WHERE code = 'E2E_IMP_AUTO');
+
+-- Machinery: PER_ITEM with NO items_per_wagon_map — exercises the
+-- tonnage-only fallback in bulkItemWagonsRequired.
+INSERT INTO freight.cargo_types (id, code, cargo_type_name, parent_group_id, unit_of_measure, is_active)
+SELECT gen_random_uuid(), 'E2E_IMP_MACHINE', 'E2E Import Machinery', g.id, 'PER_ITEM', true
+FROM freight.cargo_types g
+WHERE g.code = 'E2E_IMP_GRAINS'
+  AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM freight.cargo_types WHERE code = 'E2E_IMP_MACHINE');
+
+-- Both ride the corridor's CW4 bulk fleet.
+INSERT INTO freight.cargo_type_wagon_types (cargo_type_id, wagon_type_id)
+SELECT ct.id, wt.id
+FROM freight.cargo_types ct
+JOIN freight.wagon_types wt ON wt.code = 'CW4'
+WHERE ct.code IN ('E2E_IMP_AUTO', 'E2E_IMP_MACHINE')
+  AND NOT EXISTS (
+    SELECT 1 FROM freight.cargo_type_wagon_types x
+    WHERE x.cargo_type_id = ct.id AND x.wagon_type_id = wt.id
+  );
+
+-- Physical floor: 4 automobiles fit one CW4 regardless of tonnage headroom.
+UPDATE freight.cargo_types ct
+SET items_per_wagon_map = jsonb_build_object(
+      (SELECT wt.id::text FROM freight.wagon_types wt WHERE wt.code = 'CW4'), 4)
+WHERE ct.code = 'E2E_IMP_AUTO'
+  AND (ct.items_per_wagon_map IS NULL
+       OR NOT ct.items_per_wagon_map ? (SELECT wt.id::text FROM freight.wagon_types wt WHERE wt.code = 'CW4'));